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CF #316 DIV2 D题
阅读量:4647 次
发布时间:2019-06-09

本文共 3464 字,大约阅读时间需要 11 分钟。

D. Tree Requests
time limit per test
2 seconds
memory limit per test
256 megabytes
input
standard input
output
standard output

Roman planted a tree consisting of n vertices. Each vertex contains a lowercase English letter. Vertex 1 is the root of the tree, each of the n - 1 remaining vertices has a parent in the tree. Vertex is connected with its parent by an edge. The parent of vertex i is vertex pi, the parent index is always less than the index of the vertex (i.e., pi < i).

The depth of the vertex is the number of nodes on the path from the root to v along the edges. In particular, the depth of the root is equal to 1.

We say that vertex u is in the subtree of vertex v, if we can get from u to v, moving from the vertex to the parent. In particular, vertex v is in its subtree.

Roma gives you m queries, the i-th of which consists of two numbers vihi. Let's consider the vertices in the subtree vi located at depthhi. Determine whether you can use the letters written at these vertices to make a string that is a palindrome. The letters that are written in the vertexes, can be rearranged in any order to make a palindrome, but all letters should be used.

Input

The first line contains two integers nm (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 500 000) — the number of nodes in the tree and queries, respectively.

The following line contains n - 1 integers p2, p3, ..., pn — the parents of vertices from the second to the n-th (1 ≤ pi < i).

The next line contains n lowercase English letters, the i-th of these letters is written on vertex i.

Next m lines describe the queries, the i-th line contains two numbers vihi (1 ≤ vi, hi ≤ n) — the vertex and the depth that appear in thei-th query.

Output

Print m lines. In the i-th line print "Yes" (without the quotes), if in the i-th query you can make a palindrome from the letters written on the vertices, otherwise print "No" (without the quotes).

Sample test(s)
input
6 5 1 1 1 3 3 zacccd 1 1 3 3 4 1 6 1 1 2
output
Yes No Yes Yes Yes
Note

String s is a palindrome if reads the same from left to right and from right to left. In particular, an empty string is a palindrome.

Clarification for the sample test.

In the first query there exists only a vertex 1 satisfying all the conditions, we can form a palindrome "z".

In the second query vertices 5 and 6 satisfy condititions, they contain letters "с" and "d" respectively. It is impossible to form a palindrome of them.

In the third query there exist no vertices at depth 1 and in subtree of 4. We may form an empty palindrome.

In the fourth query there exist no vertices in subtree of 6 at depth 1. We may form an empty palindrome.

In the fifth query there vertices 2, 3 and 4 satisfying all conditions above, they contain letters "a", "c" and "c". We may form a palindrome "cac".

 

开始时想到用BFS,但发现并不好弄,主要是时间戳不好搞。

用DFS序来搞,记录子树进入与离开的时间戳。同时,把子结点按层数来填入,如在h层,则把它填到vector[h]层的点,这样,同一层的点就是连续的了。同时,使用前缀异或和来记录奇偶性即可。

#include 
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define __mk make_pairusing namespace std;const int MAX=500500;vector
Tree[MAX];int Tin[MAX],Tout[MAX];vector< pair
>Dep[MAX];char str[MAX];int n,m,Time;int arr[30];void slove(int root,int dep){ Tin[root]=++Time; Dep[dep].push_back(__mk(Time,Dep[dep].back().second^arr[str[root]-'a'])); int sz=Tree[root].size(); for(int i=0;i

  

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jie-dcai/p/4731887.html

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